Steve Jobs An American Business Man - 1138 Words

Steve Jobs was an American business man. He was the co-founder and CEO of Apple and was a large shareholder of Pixar studios, as well as a member of Walt Disney’s board of directors. He is most known for his microcomputer revolution during the 1970’s, and was the pioneer of many technologies we use today. He co-founded Apple alongside Steve Wozniak to sell their Apple 1 computer they made in their garage. Steve was born February 24, 1955 in San Francisco. He was born out of wedlock and set up for adoption shortly after his birth, as the area he lived in was highly Puritan. Paul and Clara Jobs ended up adopting him, under the circumstance that he go to college (As decreed by his birth parents). They officially named him Steven Paul. While†¦show more content†¦The two shared an interest in electronics and quickly became friends. They would often put electronic devices together in their garage and try making money on the side. Their first â€Å"business† wa s building Blue Boxes, which allowed you to use a pay phone for free. They stopped when the police almost got them. In 1974, Jobs got his first job at Atari, the world’s first video game company. He eventually traveled to India after being fired from Atari. While he was in India, Wozniak got a job at Hewlett Packard. It was like a dream job to him. While surrounded by other passionate engineers, he was able to work on computer circuitry. After reviewing many other devices, he began working on a computer that could fit inside an average room while taking up almost no space. He showed his idea to Jobs, and the two of them decided to build the computer. The beginning was filled with trouble. They had to sell many of their expensive valuables in order to get the funds to start their work. Coming up with a name was also hard. Eventually Jobs said they would call it â€Å"Apple† if they couldn’t think of any better names, and Apple became the official name of their bu siness. Ron Wayne, one of Wozniak’s colleagues from Atari, helped them get the necessary paperwork and designed the logo for Apple. He ended up getting a 10% share of all profits, with Jobs and Wozniak each getting 45%. Their first computer were circuit boards held in wooden

Sports-Cultural Comparison - 2563 Words

| | |Sports | |Cultural Comparison | | | |Lisa Bowling Today, as Americans, we are surrounded by an increasing number of very different cultures, and along with that we are surrounded by numerous†¦show more content†¦Each team has four players in each of the three zones. The ball in play is moved only by hand movements. Unlike basketball, there is no dribbling, no backboards, physical contact is not allowed, slam dunks are prohibited (unlikely though since the basket is much higher), and it is a violation of rules to shoot the ball if you are guarded. Height and size of the player is not important since scoring is when the players are constantly moving, running, and perfectly passing the ball to each other. A game lasts about 90 minutes with the object of scoring de korf. Curling Next we will take a look at the up and coming sport of curling. You may have never heard of curling until its recent emergence in the last two Winter Olympics. It is not one of the most traditional sports and there are no monstrosities of men and women participating. It is a sport known more for its grace, skill, and the ability to think through any situation that may be thrown your way. Curling has just begun to gain popularity here in the States, however it originated long ago in Scotland. The first documented games of curling were in Scotland and Holland. The Scots develop the game and formalized rules by 1807. Scottish à ©migrà ©s eventually brought curling to Canada, New Zealand and the United States later in the 1800s (USA Curling), and along with that came many different variations of the game. Canada and Scotland quickly became the two powerhousesShow MoreRelatedGender Roles Are Perceived By Society Between Girls And Boys1305 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween girls vers e boys in science, technology fields in comparison to sports. 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Amerindian Legacies in the Caribbean free essay sample

The Amerindians have left a legacy that forms part of the Caribbean Civilization. The Amerindians were two groups of people having completely different personalities. One group was the Arawaks or Taino which occupied the Greater Antilles and the other was the Caribs or Kalinago which occupied the Lesser Antilles. The Arawaks were a very peaceful group of people; slim and short, but firmly built. The Caribs on the other hand were very aggressive people and were taller and had a bigger built than the Arawaks. The Caribs were also cannibals and some people assume that is why they were bigger than the Arawaks. Despite their differences in personalities, they had a similar way of living. They were both excellent fishermen, craftsmen, farmers, handymen and doctors. Since they were naturalists and believed in the environment, they made use of the natural resources they had in order to survive. After the Europeans settled on Amerindian territories, they raped their females, killed and overworked their men and ate their produce. We will write a custom essay sample on Amerindian Legacies in the Caribbean or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Disease and famine resulted in a rapid decrease in the Amerindian population. Hundreds of years after, Caribbean people still benefit and utilize the legacy of the Amerindians such as place names/words, food/cuisine, architecture and handmade materials. Long before Christopher Columbus arrived in the Caribbean Sea, the Caribbean was still relatively â€Å"new†. This allowed the early settlers; the Amerindians, to give names to countries, places inside those countries, animals, food and other objects for the first time. Some of these names are still utilized. The Amerindians called Barbados â€Å"Ichirouganaim†, St. Vincent â€Å"Hairoun†, Dominica â€Å"Waitukubuli†, Jamaica â€Å"Xaymaca† and named a lot of other Caribbean territories. They gave names to places in Venezuela, such as Tacarigua, and in Trinidad such as Piarco and Tunapuna. They still have their names. The names of some of our fruits, vegetables and other words were derived from the Amerindian words. Some of these words were maize, from â€Å"mahis†, barbeque, from â€Å"barbakoa†, guava from â€Å"guayaba† and hammock from â€Å"hamaca†. In some countries like Dominica and St. Vincent, animals named by the Amerindians still survive. The agouti (rat), manacou(opossum), touloulou(crab) and iguana are some of the animals that still have their Amerindian names. There are plenty more words that we use derived from the Amerindian languages. This contributed to us not being limited to the more â€Å"formal† languages of empire (Spanish, Dutch, English and French) and having our own varieties of Creole between Caribbean countries. The Amerindians were excellent farmers and cooks. They left us a lot of crops and some of their cooking techniques. Both Arawaks and Caribs had diets of meat and vegetables, but the Arawaks had a more vegetable based diet and cultivated a lot more than the Caribs. They cultivated cassava (yuca), sweet potatoes (batata), corn (maize), squash, peanuts, pineapples, beans and peppers. Most of these are indigenous to the Americas but continued to grow thousands of years after in the Caribbean. The Amerindians ground the roots of the Cassava (yucca) into a powder in which they baked cassava bread. The Amerindians showed us how to cook; bake, boil, stew and barbeque (cook slowly over open fire). They also taught us how to remove the poison from the cassava roots so it can be made edible. Another thing they did was cook or roast the corn and eat it from the cob. They also grew tobacco and cotton in which they wove hammocks and made clothes and cigarettes. The Amerindians were their own doctors as they used the leaves, roots and barks of certain herbs to heal certain illnesses and diseases. Sage, sweet grass, bitter root and others were used to help the unhealthy regain their energy and wellbeing. Information of these herbs has been passed down to us, and that is why our grandparents believe we should drink these teas to remain healthy and clean. The Amerindians used to build a lot of things from stone, bone, shell and wood; metal was not familiar to them. They carved the wood from tree trunks to make canoes for fishing, used clay to make pottery, straw to make baskets and calabashes from the opo squash tree. They also left petroglyphs that when read, showed us certain practices that we continue to use today. The canoes are used mainly in the Caribbean countries with rivers to fish, the clay make plates and flat trays for baking, while the calabashes stored food, molasses and drinking water. The Amerindians made jewelry by hammering gold nuggets into artistic pieces and connecting bones and\or shells of small animals and wearing them on various parts of the body. They made their own houses from wood and/or straw with their original gable designs. Even after thousands of years, the people of the Caribbean make use of the legacies passed down to us from the indigenous people; Taino and Kalinago.

Tesla entering South Korea

Introduction Tesla is a California-based electric vehicle manufacturer that began in 2003. The organization’s founders – Marc Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning – wanted to provide a stylish yet effective electric vehicle for the masses. Before their conception, electric vehicles lacked aesthetic appeal as they were too focused on practical aspects. Tesla sources its products from different partners around the world such as Sotira in France, and Hethel in the UK.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Tesla entering South Korea specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This method has caused huge savings in production because the organization builds vehicles on demand; it does not have to spend huge sums on inventory management. Additionally, the company sells itself as an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional, fuel-powered vehicles. Its efficiency ratings are quite impressive even in comparison to hybrid cars. These developments have not come without their fair share of challenges. First, the company lost its founder Eberhard in 2007 and two crucial engineers in 2012 after they resigned. Furthermore, it recorded a net income of $ -396.2 million in 2012, which was worse than the performance in the previous year of -254.4 million. This was due to economic conditions and a series of other internal changes like the loss of the two engineers. However, a fundamental problem is that electric cars are a new form of technology that must compete with century-old organizations. Gas-powered cars have been in business since the early 1900s; therefore, it will take some times before the public warms up to Tesla. This means that the organization must seek new ways of becoming profitable, and international expansion in South Korea is one such alternative. Environmental variables Political and economic background of South Korea South Korea was laden with a series of autocratic leaders during the late twentieth century. Surprisingly, this was the point when the country’s economy grew tremendously. At the time, the prevailing leaders chose to appoint technocrats who spearheaded the country’s economic growth. The government was heavily involved in these results owing to its centralized fiscal policies, the regulation of foreign exchange, and incentives that were available to small businesses. Prior to the 1990s, South Korea had a number of five-year interventions that saw 9% annual GDP growth rates within this period of time. However, in 1987, South Korea replaced the autocratic regimes with democratic ones. This change did not come with the promising results that many anticipated as seen in the 1997 Asian crisis. Instead, the country’s political leaders used public positions to reward persons who had been loyal to them. The technocrats that had caused those changes were no longer present. In 2013, the country has become a respected democracy in which its political stability contrasts dramatically to the autocratic regime of its Northern neighbor (Heritage 12).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the 2000s to date, South Korea remerged as a global world leader. President Dae Jung spearheaded high growth rates in 2000 using emergency loans from the IMF. The country did well in 2004 and 2006 where it reported 4.6% and 5% growth in GDP, respectively. In the 2008-2009 global economic crisis, the country managed to maintain a positive growth pattern while other developed nations reported declines. Furthermore, now the economy is the eleventh largest in the world. This country’s economic growth patterns have been resilient against external conditions owing to strong fiscal reserves. Furthermore, the South Korean government owes little in debt. This implies that when emergencies occur, the country can easily use its rese rves to deal with the problem. The Asian nation’s economic freedom ratings are impressive. It now stands at position 8 in the continent and 34 in the world. This country has free trade agreements with the EU and US. It is open to foreign investment and most of its private sector players are free to operate. Innovation and a well-educated work force are some of the reasons behind this conducive environment. In fact, now South Korea is a world leader in internet usage.  This nation exports a series of items that include textiles, shoes, electronics, telecommunication devices as well as automobiles. Industry and service sectors are the largest contributors to the economy. Its trading partners are China’s Hong Kong, Japan, Taiwan and the US. Additionally, the country has been known for its innovations in alternative sources of energy. For instance, it engaged in the production of certain forms of nuclear energy by building plants around the country. These facilities acco unt for approximately 40% of the nation’s energy needs. In the future, it is likely that the country will get more than half of its electricity from nuclear resources. Regulations – Tariffs, quotas and import tax As stated earlier in the economic background section, South Korea is highly conducive to foreign investment. The Free Trade Agreement between Korea and the US has enabled importers to benefit from a 7.9% basic tariff for these goods. Nonetheless, it is expected that in the next four years, the country will eliminate 95% of tariffs on imports from the US. Therefore, companies like Tesla will have an advantage over other automakers because their products come from the United States. In addition to this, one must consider the flat 10% VAT on imports. Since electric cars are luxury items, then Tesla will need to pay 10 to 20% excise tax to import them into the country.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Tesla entering South Korea specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More If a foreign investor brings in raw materials for manufacture in South Korea, then he or she is not expected to pay import tax. Nonetheless, the Ministry of Finance will have to approve the project or investment before it be labeled as duty-free. When importing products into the country, one will also have to pay insurance and freight at 15%, import tariffs at 5%, Vat at 10%. These additional costs will be added onto the product cost to create a final import price.  In order to trade in South Korea, an investor or importer must comply with certain requirements. First, the individuals will need to hold a commercial invoice. This will need to include information about the quantity of goods being transported, their unit value, description and any other shipping information. A certificate of origin must also accompany the commodities. In order to access preferential treatment, the certificate must indicate that the g oods come from the United States. Details about the harmonized systems as well as certification date will allow the US exporter to enjoy tariff deductions. All goods entering South Korea need to have a bill of lading in which the concerned company places shipping information. Consignee name, destination, shipper’s name, insurance and freight charges as well as the price list need to be included.  During the clearance process, South Korean customs employees will work to clear goods in as little time as possible. The declaration system is now electronically managed. Therefore, an importer can get import clearance electronically even without physically appearing in the customs house. Unless a commodity falls within the prohibited or special goods list, an investor can easily do business in this country without being boggled down by intensive and bureaucratic customs clearance. Competition Comparison with Korean Companies Currently, few organizations sell electric cars in South Korea. Most of the prime international automakers plan on introducing them in the next five years. For instance, General Motors will build its own version of an electric vehicle in 2014. Even the BMW and the Volkswagen will enter the Korean electric vehicle market in 2014 where they will also build their own version. Some of the local manufacturers like KIA plan on introducing a model known as Ray for the electric vehicle market in the near future. Renault will introduce the model SM3 ZE sedan in Busan, which is a region in South Korea. However, all these plans are dependent on whether the Korean government will subsidize the vehicles. Failure to do so will cause automakers to overprice their electric automobiles and thus become uncompetitive.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Aside from companies that plan on introducing electric vehicles, some companies like Nissan are selling the Leaf brand in Korea’s market. GM plans on making some electric vehicles in Korea in 2014 but already imports US-made electric vehicles into the country; its key brand is Volt. Currently, the two companies are struggling to sell their electric vehicles. Their cars have low range and mileage. Since Tesla already worked on this aspect, it is likely that the organization will record better performance in the country than some of these older brands.  Competition for Tesla will not just come from electric vehicle sellers. The organization must contend with other automakers that know and understand the Korean market. Hyundai and Kia are companies to watch out for in the market. Hyundai initially struggled with creating visually-appealing vehicles but it has already improved on this component through its Tucson and Elantra models. Additionally, Kia has built sedans that are b etter looking than vehicle from global leaders Toyota and Honda. Perhaps one of the most impressive characteristics of Kia and Hyundai is their reverence for quality. These organizations’ cars deliver when it comes to performance. Hyundai has also earned a reputation for its fast responses to defects. Kia and Hyundai, as Korean auto manufacturers, have also worked on their marketing appeal. Kia is now revered for creative advertisements while Hyundai is respected for innovative sales deals. It has a policy that guarantees buyers a resale of the car if the buyer loses his or her job. It should be noted that when Tesla enters the South Korean market, it will have to fight against an organization that is owned by the wealthiest Korean in the country. Hyundai Motor Group manages both Kia and Hyundai, and these two companies have enjoyed a lot of government support. Even its owner, When Chung, was pardoned by the government when he faced criminal charges. The courts claimed that h e was needed in order to run Hyundai. Tesla will need to take advantage of the deficiencies in management of this organization in order to succeed in South Korea. Demand on electric cars Demand for electric cars in South Korea is moderate. This mirrors trends on other parts of the world where electric vehicles have not done so well. Oil prices in South Korea have been relatively stable, so this has curbed enthusiasm for electric vehicles. Nonetheless, this low interest will be counteracted by the Environment Ministry’s plan to provide $25.3 million in investments for purchasing approximately one thousand electric vehicles (Choi 5). South Korea is already prepared for the adoption of electric cars by instating charging stations. Estimates indicate that the country now has about 600 of these. While some countries in different parts of the world have more than double this number, it is still sufficient enough for an investor to provide the vehicles within the country. Electric v ehicle sales will also be promising because hybrid vehicle sales have tripled in 2012. This indicates that automobile consumers are now aware of their environmental impact and are willing to mitigate this though alternative sources of fuel. Competitive Advantage The first and most promising aspect of Tesla’s vehicles is that they are fully electric. This implies that consumers will get exactly what the company markets. This commitment to electric vehicles alone also implies that the organization has perfected its craft. The firm’s founder Martin Eberhard once stated that most electric vehicles from mainstream automakers have failed because they required consumers to alter their nature. The cars were less aesthetically-appealing, had less range and low speed, yet their prices were higher than their gasoline counterparts. However, Tesla set out to change all this by offering consumers a vehicle that would be in tandem with their nature. Electric vehicles from Tesla are n ot like those from other automakers because their technologies have been sharpened and worked on exclusively. Tesla does not have to divide its time between gasoline-powered cars and electric vehicles; this is not a sideshow for the organization.  Tesla’s competitive advantage also lies in its ability to offer comfort through size. The company initially produced the Roadster but it is now out of production. Therefore, the new Model S is the car to beat in electric vehicle sales. Tesla will introduce a newer model X in the near future. The Model S can accommodate 5 adults. It has a head room of 35.3 inches, a leg room of 35.4 inches and hip room of 54.7 inches. Even the trunk cargo area is impressive as it has a volume of 5.3 cubic feet (Tesla 6). This vehicle is thus quite comfortable. The company also offers high miles per charge for the vehicle. Once the vehicle is charged, it operates on 92% charge efficiency. This is arguably one of the most impressive efficiency rating s in the electric vehicle industry. Some models like the Toyota Prius can only promise 82% efficiency while the Honda CNG has 86% efficiency. It is easy to access a universal connector and charger. The mileage for the automobile is also above the rest of its competitors. The mileage for the Model S is 265. A person can charge their vehicle through a supercharger station. Vehicles of this nature can get approximately 120 miles from a 60 Kwh battery.  Tesla offers a luxurious and elegant alternative in electric motoring. The Model S has an interior design that is unrivaled. It has sleek accents, black leather seats, interior door handles, seven-speaker systems and memory storage that enables its users to store up to 500 songs. The car also comes with wireless technology and WIFI-capability. One may also enjoy cruise control when driving the car. It has climate control capabilities so as to manage the temperature and air distribution in the machine. The automobile can sensor when the driver’s seat has been occupied so one has the option of controlling this device as they please.  Environmental friendliness is perhaps one of the unique selling points of the car. It is a given fact that relying on electric power to charge vehicles is much cheaper in the long run than gas usage. Furthermore, even charging costs are cheaper than gasoline refueling or other modes of energy. Aside from price sensibilities, the amount of green house gasses emitted by such a vehicle is negligible in comparison to the carbon-rich conventional fuels. Critics sometimes claim that electric vehicles still emit carbon-based gases owing to the factories that create those batteries. However, this argument is lopsided because it does not compare these carbon emissions to the ones that come from conventional vehicles. Gas-powered cars keep discharging polluting gases into the environment, yet the fuel also comes from carbon-emitting plants. At least in the case of electric vehicles, pol luting gases are confined to battery manufacturers. Furthermore, studies indicate that the Lithium-ion batteries used by the company are some of the safest in the market. In fact, they can be disposed off at the municipal waste site without any problems. Positioning strategy The organization should position itself as a high-end electric vehicle seller. It needs to create an image in the minds of consumers that it is the best in the business. However, because demand for electric vehicles is moderate, Tesla will need to generate enthusiasm for its product. One way of achieving this would be to build only a few hundred vehicles for the South Korean market. They can target car enthusiasts and key stakeholders to talk about the qualities of the car. This needs to be seen as a fine tuned vehicle that will satisfy customer expectations. Once the product brand is known as the go-to car for quality and efficiency, then the organization can work on increasing its availability. The aspect of q uality may also be sold through the partnerships that the company has with other conventional automakers like Daimler and Toyota. These organizations have been sourcing for electric vehicle parts from Tesla. Such collaboration is indicative of the market leadership and quality that customers get from Tesla. One should note that all the positioning must tie in with the green aspects of the company’s offerings. This organization is an electric vehicle manufacturer; therefore, it will position itself as the environmentally- friendly car of choice. Both selling points need to be merged together such that individuals do not assume that the car is only appropriate for environmentally-conscious consumers or quality-conscious consumers. The Tesla models available in South Korea should be such that they appeal to these two categories of consumers in equal measure. Time and mode of entry As stated earlier, in the ‘regulations’ section, the government intends on introducing subsidies for Korean-made electric vehicles. Therefore, Tesla would benefit from manufacturing the vehicles in the country rather than exporting them to Korea. Since the company already sources parts of its batteries in the target market, it would make sense to take production there. However, the company might not have thorough knowledge of the South Korean market. It would thus make sense to enter the market through a joint-venture partnership with a local automaker. Tesla would bring the expertise it possesses on electric vehicles and the local partner would demystify the Korean market (Koch 70). This would make the building cycle quite low. Furthermore, it would minimize costs as raw materials to be used for automobile manufacture are not taxed in the same way as imported cars.  The company is trying to return to profitability. It can achieve this by expanding into a country that has promising outcomes. Therefore, this move should occur as soon as possible. It is preferable th at the company does it at the beginning of 2014. If it waits until later, competitors like GM, Chrysler and Toyota may dominate the South Korean market with their electric-powered vehicles. Marketing mix Analysis The fixed price of the Model S should be $ 40,000. Since the product will be manufactured in South Korea, then there will be no additionally sales taxes or tariffs. The idea is to get the public to appreciate the exclusivity of the product. However, after a reasonable amount of time, the organization will introduce the model X, which will be cheaper. This Model will go for $ 30,000. Individuals will already appreciate the quality of the brand so they will not mind purchasing another make. In terms of place, the automobiles will be available in different distributorships across the country. This will cement the company’s name in consumer’s minds. Tesla will create a battery network in South Korea designed to lock out other dealers. It will make these stations e xclusive to their models so that other companies do not take advantage of their investment. In terms of the product, the Model S will possess all the features that were mentioned in earlier portions of the paper. Great emphasis will be given to the efficiency, performance, elegance as well as the greenness of the product.  Promotions will include a sales deal in which a generous refund package will be available to consumers (Garling Thogersen 60). Additionally, the company will allow for leasing of the car such that consumers who cannot own the car can still have access to it. The organization will use Korean celebrities to endorse the product and act as brand ambassadors. Additionally, the firm will have a marketing campaign in which it will utilize creative advertisements to sell the elegance and exclusivity of Tesla’s vehicles. Test drives through computer simulation will also give buyers a feel of the automobile. Managing and controlling marketing efforts Care will be taken not to over market the product as it is an exclusive commodity. This means that the frequency and the quality of advertisements will be in tandem with this brand image. The message will be simple elegance; no flamboyant promises will be made in this marketing strategy. Conclusion Tesla has been highly successful in the past but is currently experiencing losses. It needs a new strategy to turn around its results, and entry into South Korea is one alternative. The Asian country has a business-friendly environment especially for US-based investors like Tesla. It would be advisable to enter the country through a joint venture in order to reduce cycle times and take advantage of the partner’s local knowledge. Tesla ought to position itself as a high-quality green vehicle. This will work by generating a buzz concerning the automobile and building brand recognition. It should then introduce an inexpensive model for the masses after some years. Works Cited Choi, Kyong-Ae. †Å"Seoul catches heat over electric cars.† Wall Street Journal 14 Nov. 2012: 5. Print. Garling, Anita John Thogersen. â€Å"Marketing of electric vehicles.† Business Strategy and the Environment 10(2001): 53-65. Print. Heritage. South Korea: 2013 Index of Economic Freedom. 2013. Web. Koch, Adam. â€Å"Selecting overseas markets and entry modes: two decision processes or one?† Marketing Intelligence and Planning 19.1(2002): 65-75. Print. Tesla. Model S specs. 2013. Web. This report on Tesla entering South Korea was written and submitted by user Axel C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

History of Benjamin Banneker High School Essays (1608 words)

History of Benjamin Banneker High School Essays (1608 words) Howard University College of Dentistry Dental Hygiene Department School Based Program Benjamin Banneker Academic High School Nicole Johnson 82409-406-01/Dental Health Education Methods Professor Dawn Smith 09/06/2015 School Based Program History of Benjamin Banneker High School Originally, Benjamin Banneker, in August 1981, opened its doors as an alternative public institution of secondary education. Named after the districts' renowned surveyor on the six-man team, which helped design, the blueprints for Washington, DC. President Washington appointed Banneker, making him the first Black presidential appointee in the United States. Banneker provided aid in selecting the sites for the U.S. Capitol building, the U.S. Treasury building, the White House and other Federal buildings. Banneker is ranked number 2 with the districts' public school system. The school is designed to provide students with a highly structured college preparatory program. The curriculum of the school affords opportunities for developing knowledge, skills needed for success in post-secondary experiences. Population and Demographics 1143008159750The primary purpose of Benjamin Banneker Academic High School is to serve those students of the District of Columbia who desire a highly structured four-year academic program of study beginning at the ninth grade level. The demographics of Benjamin Banneker are diverse in nature; a large percentage of the student population is labeled as black with a total number of students estimated at 450. 9th Grade 10th Grade 11th Grade 12th Grade 142 88 97 103 Student Selection The selection of each students focuses on factors such as; total record of academic achievement; grade level achievement reflected by standardized test scores; strong recommendations from the principal and supporting teachers and staff; and a student and parent interview. Experiences gained through this enrollment process will allow students to participate in a rigorous college preparatory curriculum. Once the selection committee has proposed a list of accepted students, the students must undergo placement testing. They must also attend the Benjamin Banneker Summer Institute prior to entering the academic school year. Curriculum The Benjamin Banneker Academic High School is one of the District's International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma Program sites and offers Pre-IB, Advanced Placement (AP) and its own summer institute as additional rigorous academic options. Students are supported by a variety of character building extracurricular activities. The intended curriculum is a college preparatory program, which includes the Advanced Placement (AP) and honors courses, that require twenty-six (26) Carnegie units for graduation and the International Baccalaureate Program (IB) requires twenty-eight and a half (28.5). Each student is also required to complete a minimum of 270 hours of volunteer service over a four-year period. In addition to high-level coursework in the core subject areas, the curriculum includes a unique philosophy course called Theory of Knowledge, a research project called the Extended Essay, and requirements in the areas of creativity, action and service. Health Care Curriculum The office of the State Superintendent of Education (OOSE) has mandated that each school have a health profile form that states the details of their wellness and fitness program. Banneker has one full time nurse, part time mental health clinician, as well as a full time qualified health teacher, who also serves as the physical education teacher. All, approx.450 students are required to complete the health education course at the school. According to the OOSE the following curriculum is offered as part of the required high school health education program: Health Promotion and Disease Prevention - where the s tudents comprehend concepts related to health promotion and disease prevention. Access to and Evaluation of Health Information - where the s tudents demonstrate the ability to access and evaluate health information, products, and services. Self-Management Skills - where the students demonstrate the ability to apply self-management skills to enhance personal health and safety. Analyzing Influences - where the s tudents demonstrate the ability to analyze the influence of family, culture, media, and technology on health and health behaviors. Interpersonal Communication - where the s tudents demonstrate the ability to utilize interpersonal communication skills to enhance and protect health. Decision-Making and Goal Setting - where s tudents demonstrate the ability to implement decision-making and goal-setting skills to enhance health. Also apart of their Wellness and Fitness program is the incorporation of the "Brainfood" program. Brainfood builds life skills and promotes healthy living to provide high school aged youth the opportunity to learn about cooking, nutrition, and community

La-Z-Boy Recliner

La-Z-Boy Recliner Put your feet up, lean back, and relax. Most of us either own a La-Z-boy recliner or know a friend or family member who does. The innovative chair design was invented during the spring of 1928, about the same time Dr. Fleming discovered penicillin, Mickey Mouse starred in the first talkie cartoon, Steamboat Willie, and Lawrence Welk started intoxicating America with his champagne bubble band. Edward Knabusch Edwin Shoemaker Invent La-Z-Boy In 1927, the cousins abandoned secure jobs, joined forces, and invested in their own furniture business in Monroe, Michigan. Suddenly, Knabusch, a woodworker, turned into a marketer, and Shoemaker, originally a farmer, became an engineer. The locals thought they were crazy, but the Floral City Furniture Company flourished. La-Z-Boy Moves off the Porch and into the Living Room Automatic Adjustable Chair - Not a Good Name The Competition Gets Uncomfortable with La-Z-Boy With only a brief slow-down during World War II, the La-Z-Boy Chair Company continued to grow, adding new furniture pieces and changing designs to suit the times. La-Z-Boy workers now make more than 30,000 chairs and sofas each weekthats 6,000 a day. Continue Home Innovations

Art, the visual and culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art, the visual and culture - Essay Example The Mona Lisa is a piece of work of a woman who is sitting and smiling, and it is the complete opposite of David, a man standing and grinning. Experts suggest that the two pieces of artwork are not a coincidence since they were both created at the same time with two men that were both living in Italy. The two artists were great rivals, and there still are endless debates who between the two was the greatest artist. The Mona Lisa is a painting while David is a chiseled work. The tools that were used to make David were hammers and chisels, files and rasps (Jones, 2010). The block of stone was from a quarry, and it had been left â€Å"badly begun† for over forty years. The outline of the artwork David is that of a shape drawing. One would think Michelangelo had drawn the outline of the sculpture before he started working on it. The face is almost turned 90 ° with a perfect triangle nose. The body proportion of the artwork is mathematically perfect. The hair is perfect, flying w ith the wind. The body of David is perfect with toned arms that have muscles (Jones, 2010). The statue of David is twice as tall as the height of an average man. A great piece of art. Mona Lisa is a painting that dwells in a thick picture atmosphere. Looking at the image, one would think has a suspense in a tinted liquid. The art is powerful because of its strange and universally accepted landscape (Jones, 2010). The art feels like a conclusion to the nature of life on earth. The painting has shadows, and the dark that is used to deepen her features are very bold. The effect of the shade is to diminish the distance between the background and the foreground. The shadows draw back Mona Lisa while the colors in the background bring the landscape closer to the viewer. The portrait cannot only have an interpretation as a woman with a landscape background, but the whole artwork is Mona Lisa’s lifestyle. Da Vinci spends a lot of his time on the artwork, and he did it until his final

Electromagnetic induction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Electromagnetic induction - Essay Example Introduction Electromagnetic induction involves the electric current produced across a conductor that moves in a magnetic field. It is the basic operation for transformers, generators, electric motors, induction motors, solenoids, and synchronous motors. Electromagnetic induction is the process, which gives a prediction of the behaviour of the interaction between electric current and the magnetic field. Michael Faraday discovered the concept of induction in the year 1831. He stated that the produced electromotive force (emf) around a path that is closed is directly proportional to the magnetic flux rate of change through a surface that is path bounded. This implies that, there would be some induced electric current in a closed circuit whenever the flux going through a conductor bounded surface changes. This means that the conductor will be moving through it, or the field would be experiencing a change in its strength. Theory In Faraday’s initial demonstration of electromagneti c induction, two wires were wrapped around opposite sides of a ring of iron. According to his assessment, of the electromagnetic properties, he knew that whenever the currents began to flow in the first wire, a wave would move in the ring leading to an electrical effect on the side that was opposite. One wire was plugged into the galvanometer and observed during the connection into a battery. In this experiment transient currents were observed when the wire was connected to the battery and during disconnection. The observed induction was due to a magnetic flux change that happened when the battery was disconnected and connected. For many year, Faraday discovered different electromagnetic induction manifestation. For instance, transient currents were observed whenever a bar magnet was quickly slid inside and outside a wire coil thud generating Dc current through the rotation of a disk of copper next to a bar magnet having a sliding electrical lead. The explanation of electromagnetic induction according to Faraday was in terms of lines of force. Mathematically, the expression of Faraday can be written as; ?= - d?B/dt, where ? represents the electromagnetic force, and ?B represent the magnetic flux. In a case where there is a wire coil, having N loops with the same an equal area, the equation would be given by; ? = - N d?B/dt Whenever the Faraday’s law is combined with the Ohms law and Ampere’s law, a new law referred to as Lenz’s law would be generated. Faraday’s law is one equation having two phenomenons. The two phenomena include the EMF motion produced by a the force of magnetism through a moving wire and the EMF give out by an electric force as a result of magnetic field that is changing. Apparatus The apparatus for this experiment were coils, small compass, bar magnets, galvanometer, analogue multimeter, LV transformer, Dc voltage source, and LV transformer. Procedure Magnetic fields The outline of the two bar magnets were traced , and a small compass used to check the direction of the magnetic field at various points. The field direction was sketched in arrows to display the field direction. Two separate sketches were completed. One sketch involved attracting magnet where as the other one for a repelling magnet. The two sketches are displayed in diagram 1. Diagram 1 Attracting Magnets Repelling magnets Inductance The inductance for an air coil core was measured using the electronic bridge

Jesus and Caravaggio Essay Example for Free

Jesus and Caravaggio Essay Caravaggio (1573-1610) Originally named Michelangelo Merisi, Caravaggio was born on September 28, 1573 in the Lombardy hill town of Caravaggio near Milan, which he is named after. He was born to relatively privileged parents who were victims of an epidemic and he became an orphan at the age of eleven. When Caravaggio was only 13 years old his family decided he would devote his life to painting. Caravaggio began as an apprenticed in 1584 to Simon Peterzano, a Milanese painter in oils and fresco. His earliest years in Rome, from-1588 were very difficult for Caravaggio. He was employed for a while in the workshop of Mannerist painter Giuseppe Cesari, also known as the Cavaliere dArpino as a fruit and flowers specialist, the only Caravaggios still life work known without figures is a Basket of Fruit (1597 Pinacoteca Ambrosiana, Milan) the facts about this piece are not really clear although it is possible the painting was made as a trial piece, since the background was added later (the piece is now lost). Basket of Fruit (1597)- In 1592, Caravaggio arrived in Rome at the age of 21. His first five years in Rome were the hardest period for Caravaggio. He had no money and lived a very modest life style because he couldn’t find a suitable work place, therefore he moved from one workshop to another frustrated from working as an assistant to painters who had much smaller talent than his own. He earned his living mostly from uncreative routine work and never stayed more than a few months at each studio. Finally in 1595, he decided to set out on his own and began to sell his pictures through a dealer, Maestro Valentino, who brought Caravaggios work to the attention of Cardinal Francesco Del Monte, a bishop of great influence in the Vatican. Caravaggio soon came under the protection of Del Monte and was invited to receive a place to live, and a pension in the house of the cardinal. Despite spiritual and material deficiency, Caravaggio had painted approximately 40 paintings for Francesco Del Monte. The subjects of this period are mostly adolescent boys, such as the above paintings: Boy with a Fruit Basket (1593; Borghese Gallery, Rome). The boy with a fruit basket has similarities with another painting the- Fruit seller by the Lombard painter Vincenzo Campi, painted about 1580, nevertheless, Caravaggio is not following his footsteps and using innovative drawing techniques. Differently from Vincenzo Campis drawing posing a young woman in the center of the piece, Caravaggio preferred a teenage boy which was his most common theme of drawing at the time. Also his subject is brought almost to the front of the picture, so that the boy seems to offer himself as well as the fruit to the observers. There is a sign of uncertainty in the way that the boys long neck raises out of his shoulders edge. Caravaggios incredible techniques of light and shadow are already seen in his early work. Against a near-blank ground, attention is focused on the right side of the boys upper body, his right arm and the fruit basket, displaying very rich variety of fruits. The Young Bacchus (1593; Uffizi Gallery, Florence). Caravaggios Bacchus no longer seems like an ancient god, or the Olympian vision of the High Renaissance. Instead, Caravaggio paints a rather vulgar and soft yang boy, who turns his chubby face towards the viewer and offers wine from a large glass held by his small thin fingers. This is not Bacchus himself, but some perfectly ordinary individual dressed up as Bacchus, who looks at the viewers rather exhaustedly. It appears that Caravaggio used real people for his paintings even in his early work. The Music Party (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York). The two figures seen in the front of the piece are the main characters of the composition. They are shown in an oppositional structure, and only one of them is fully shown. The figure of the instrument player and the corresponding figure that we see from behind. The face between these two is Caravaggios; the figure on the left is taken from an earlier composition (Young Peeling a Pear). Caravaggios usage of a narrow range of earth colors which was his signature method of painting is shown from his earliest work as well as in his most famous ones. Also his amazing use of details, he describes every part of the figures anatomy and he always creates movement in his paintings. These early pictures show an innovative, direct, and empirical approach; they were painted directly from life and show almost no usage of the academic method of painting which was used in Rome at the time.

Patients with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome Essay -- Health, Treatment

Introduction It is known that glucocorticoids (GCs) therapy is the treatment of choice for patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS); however some patients fail to respond to the treatment even when given high-dose GCs. For those patients, the treatment should be bolstered by synergising GCs with other immunosuppressant [1]. Although biochemical alterations and clinical manifestations in most nephrotic patients seem to be quite similar, substantial differences are encountered regarding the course of disease. Relapses of proteinuria are experienced in approximately 60% to 80% of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome patients and despite initial complete remission some remain steroid dependent or become steroid-resistant [2]. The lack of response to corticosteroids has been explained by several mechanisms. This may be ascribed to overwhelming disease severity, poor compliance, abnormalities in glucocorticoid metabolism or poor absorption, especially in patients with NS, who often develop heavy proteinuria and Hypoalbuminaemia, and, finally, by GCs resistance due to a GCR or postreceptor abnormality. GCR was incriminated in worsening the response to steroids earlier [3,4], but inadequate response to these agents, either due to inherited target tissue defective response or acquired impaired responsiveness is often reported by the clinicians in a number of patients [5]. If clinical response was predicted before therapy, synergised treatment might be performed at the beginning of the treatment to avoid side effects of chronic high-dose hormone therapy, which could improve the individual response to GC therapy and benefit more patients. Glucocorticoid receptor (GCR) seems to be related to the pathogenesis of steroid... ...ic indicator for patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. During follow-up patients with non-relapsing and infrequent relapsing nephrotic syndrome had a median time to achieve remission 7 days [5]. Thus taken together all those data we can speculate that evaluation of the expression of intracellular glucocorticoid receptors shown as the percentage of lymphocytes (CD3/GCR) can directly predict early and late responders to steroid therapy, and as a result the outcome of nephrotic syndrome patients regarding future relapses if any. However, there has been no study on the relationship between the expression of lymphocytes GCR and the time to achieve complete remission in pediatric age group patients with steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome so far.

Compare the representation of class and status for 3 music videos

The task we have been asked to do for our coursework is to pick three music videos and analyse them for representations of status and class. The three videos I have chosen for my coursework are: Nelly Furtado – Manos al Aire, Wiley ft. Mark Ronson & Daniel Merriweather – Cash in my pocket and Jamiroquoi – Virtual insanity. I have chosen these three videos because they are all good to compare in how they have shown class and status. Jamiroquoi – virtual insanity In this video, JK is wearing a dark blue jacket with the collar up, black trousers, black shoes with white laces and a tacky top hat. It looks quite smart although he isn't wearing any make up and he hasn't shaven which makes him look a bit untidy. This connotes that he is some sort of witch doctor which can be backed up when he says â€Å"magic spells† and makes the chair move towards him. The untidiness of him makes him lower in class but magic is a good way to be high in class and status. It is one long shot to begin with and the camera is angled so it shows the whole room that he is dancing in. During this, Jamiroquoi is all over the place, always on his feet dancing to the music which is very upbeat and hip. He looks like he is a laborer because of his clothes and tacky top hat but the room he is in looks like a mental hospital because there isn't much in the room apart from a few leather chairs and the white drawers on the wall. The backup dancers are wearing white and are in unison. They could be workers in the hospital. All of the white connotes that everything is sanitized and clean which is how a hospital should be. The leather chairs look quite expensive which suggests that Jamiroquoi could be in a rehabilitation center for something. Because these things are expensive, it means that JK must have a lot of money which tells us that he is high in status and class. There isn't much in the hospital but everything looks expensive and brightly lit. It costs quite a bit to go into rehab so Jamiroquoi has a lot of money which shows him as high in class. He is also high in status because everybody would be attending to his needs to get him off whatever it is he is in there for so he runs th e show. The backup dancers are only on for ten seconds but during this time, they are all looking at the floor and are perched over slightly like none of them have any control over what they are doing. When they reach the end of the hallway, it's like they spring back into life and they all spin off out of the shot. This connotes that JK is using his magic to control them and to be able to do such a thing, he must have a lot of power and people with power are usually very high in status and class. Nelly Furtado – Manos al Aire I have chosen this video because I think that Nelly's persona is good at showing her class and status. She is shown as someone working in the army, we know this because she is wearing an army uniform and driving a jeep which is an army color. The camera is angled looking up on her most of the time which shows that she is high in status in the army. She isn't smiling which connotes that she is pretty sad and her cap is casting a shadow over half of her face and her eyes which shows she is low in class. She is with her husband seeing a counselor and then when she is in her jeep, she takes a picture of him, looks at it and puts it down again with a depressed look which suggests that she is unhappy with him. She has a load of stuff in the back of her jeep like boxing gloves which she throws out onto the road and doesn't give a second look to. She is singing about the man and she says â€Å"I surrender† and â€Å"I want to love you† This connotes that she is lower in status than the man otherwise she wouldn't be singing stuff like that to him. The video is set in a village but all of the houses look built up and expensive. We don't know that Nelly lives there but at the end of the video when she turns up at the man's house, it is in that built up area so it shows that he must have a lot of money. He is fully clothed and she is wearing shorts and a vest top which shows he is high in class and status because he can afford to live in such a nice area and can be in casual clothing. I think that the narrative of the video is that Nelly and her husband are having problems so they are seeing a counselor. They break up and Nelly goes to give him all of his stuff back but then on the way she realizes that she still wants to be with him and throws herself upon him which proves that she is lower in class and status than the man. Wiley ft. Mark Ronson & Daniel Merriweather – Cash in my pocket In this video, a character shows his class and status before the music even starts by saying â€Å"I feel sorry for these people, maybe I should throw some of my money at them. That will make them smile† Wiley portrays himself through other people throughout the video. This connotes that he is high enough in class and status to get other people to do his video for him and he doesn't need to be in it. The people in the video are mimicking the words to the song as he sings. They are all dressed smart by wearing suites or smart clothes which helps to show that they are high in class and status. The characters body language and facial expressions suggest that they are all happy and like to have a laugh in their place of work. The camera is looking up at some people and down on others. The lighting on the people is bright which connotes that they are high in status and class because if it was dark, they would look like hobos or something. The camera looks up at the people who are singing to the camera and down at the people who are sitting down in separate rooms. This shows that the people who are dancing to the camera are higher in status and class than the people who are sitting down. The people who are sitting down are probably doing the jobs that nobody wants to do but their facial expressions and body language still connotes that they are happy with what they are doing. At the point in the video where it starts singing about cheese, a man in a mouse suit comes along and starts dancing to what the lyrics are saying. The camera then moves onto four pretty women spinning around in chairs and another woman walks past them pushing a cart with Champaign and gold foil on the bottles. Gold connotes wealth and wealth shows high status and class for the company. Some people were having a meeting in a room with a big expensive flat screen T.V with a Chinese man on it talking to them. The T.V had a webcam on the top and behind the Chinese man; there was some Chinese writing on a board and a Chinese calendar. The man had a glass of water with him and he was sitting at a desk. All of this connotes that he is involved in the meeting and the company has another branch in China which shows that the company has a lot of money and class and status. Towards the end of the video, everybody is parading through the halls because they are going home and they are very happy. The camera is looking up at them the whole time which shows they are all high in class and status. Conclusion These Three videos are all good to compare because the situations are similar in the way that everybody is portrayed to be either high or low in class and status through camera angles, lighting ect. But they all have different story lines. Nelly is trying to get her husband out of her mind, JK is in rehab and the people in the Wiley video are getting through a day in the office. They all compare well in how different status and classes can be used in different situations. Jamiroquoi is high in status while Nelly is high in status but lower than the other people in the video and although Wiley isn't actually in his video, his puppets do a pretty good job of showing that he is high in status.

Crafting & Executing Strategy Whole Foods

Crafting & Executing Strategy Whole Foods Your Report will be evaluated on the quality of your ability to: 1. Appropriate use of Executive Summary, Introduction and Conclusions 10 marks †¢ Demonstrate ability to appropriately capture key recommendations and overview in an Executive Summary. Proper use of an introduction to capture the main aspects of the body of the report and a concise conclusion. . Answers to the Questions Posed in Case Study/Presentation             50 marks †¢ The body of the report should clearly address the questions posed in the case study       †¢ The group presentation should effectively convey the case and recommendations in the format of a third party consultant presenting to the John Mackey, CEO of Whole Foods. 3. Develop Strategic Recommendations/Key Findings 10 marks Your report should also address the strategic recommendations and/or key findings identified from answers to the five questions in the body of the report. 4. Use of Appropriate graphs/charts/diagrams 15 marks †¢ Your report should utilize relevant statistics in graphs, charts or diagrams to more effectively convey the key points in the body of your report. 5. Links to course readings and additional research 5    marks       ?Clearly cite your work and identify at least 2 separate sources with appropriate footnotes or endnotes. ? Words that are not your own must be formally cited. 6. Style and format 10 marks ? Write a report that is error free (spelling/grammar)       ? Write a report that is concise (communication is clear and to the point)       ? Write a report that is professional (easy to read, accurate in its content)       ? The report should not exceed 10 pages, double-spaced text plus charts/diagrams

Called To Believe Essays

Called To Believe Essays Called To Believe Essays 1. I believe that Gospel reading is seen to be shown in a wide sense. The Gospel passages themselves are narrow because they clearly state the actions God must take to restore sinful humanity. God makes no demands toward human beings, and this can be taken in a narrow sense. However, I believe that the gospel readings are seen to be in a wide sense because when evangelizing at a church or even at an outside event, there are many instances where all of the members are not true believers. In this case, the gospel should be generalized to invite newcomers into the true narrow meaning of the gospel, and grasp a deeper meaning in God’s word. 2. The death of Jesus Christ should be represented as Gospel, because it is what God did for us so that we could all be saved. God sacrificed his only son so that we would be able to be accepted into heaven. With the death of Jesus Christ, all sinners of the world were allowed to now have an afterlife, the blessing that God has given all believers. The gospel preaches of the great deed God has done for us and the fact that there is more to life, being the afterlife. Since Jesus Christ died for us, God shows us this is a part of the Gospel because now all believers will be accepted into heaven. 3. This statement is greatly confusing the law and gospel because God commands us what to do by his law. However, if we do not fulfill his goals and dreams for us, it is okay because by the gospel he will forgive us for our sins. This creates

8 Ways to Help Students with Dyslexia Succeed

8 Ways to Help Students with Dyslexia Succeed Homework is an important part of the school learning experience. Guidelines for homework are 20 minutes for elementary age children, 60 minutes for middle school and 90 minutes for high school. It is not unusual for students with dyslexia to take 2 to 3 times that amount of time to get their homework completed each night. When this happens, any benefit a child might derive from the extra practice and review is negated by the frustration and exhaustion they feel. While accommodations are often used in school to help students with dyslexia complete their work, this is rarely done with homework. Teachers need to be aware that it is easy to overburden and overwhelm a child with dyslexia by expecting the same amount of homework to be completed in the same amount of time as the students without dyslexia.The following are suggestions to share with general education teachers when giving homework: Outline assignments Write the homework assignment on the board early in the day. Set aside a portion of the board that is free of other writing and use the same spot each day. This gives students plenty of time to copy the assignment into their notebook. Some teachers provide alternate ways for students to get homework assignments: A bulk email is sent to all students, or their parents, listing the homework assignmentAn online calendar lists homework assignmentsThe classroom telephone message is changed each morning to reflect the homework assignments. Students can call the classroom to get the assignmentStudents with dyslexia, ADHD or other learning differences are paired with another student who checks the students notebook to make sure the homework assignment was written correctlyForm a homework chain. Each student writes the name of two other students in the front of their notebook who they can call to ask questions about the assignment. If you must change a homework assignment because a lesson was not covered, give students plenty of time to amend their notebooks to reflect the change. Be sure each student understands the new assignment and knows what to do. Explain the reasons for the homework There are a few different purposes for homework: practice, review, previewing upcoming lessons and to expand knowledge of a subject. The most common reason for homework is to practice what has been taught in class but sometimes a teacher asks the class to read a chapter in a book so it can be discussed the following day or a student is expected to study and review for an upcoming test. When teachers explain not only what the homework assignment is but why it is being assigned, the student can more easily focus on the task. Use less homework more frequently Rather than assigning a large amount of homework once per week, assign a few problems each night. Students will retain more information and be better prepared to continue the lesson each day. Let students know how homework will be graded Will they receive a checkmark simply for completing the homework, will wrong answers be counted against them, will they receive corrections and feedback on written assignments? Students with dyslexia and other learning disabilities work better when they know what to expect. Allow students with dyslexia to use a computer This helps to compensate for spelling errors and illegible handwriting. Some teachers allow students to complete an assignment on the computer and then email it directly to the teacher, eliminating lost or forgotten homework assignments. Reduce the number of practice questions Is it imperative to complete every question to receive the benefits of practicing skills or can the homework be reduced to every other question or the first 10 questions? Individualize homework assignments to make sure a student gets enough practice but isnt overwhelmed and will not be spending hours each night working on homework. Remember: Dyslexic Students Work Hard Keep in mind that students with dyslexia work hard each day just to keep up with the class, sometimes working much harder than other students just to complete the same amount of work, leaving them mentally exhausted. Reducing homework gives them time to rest and rejuvenate and be ready for the next day at school. Set time limits for homework Let the students and their parents know that after a certain amount of time working on homework the student may stop. For example, for a young child, you may set 30 minutes for assignments. If a student works hard and only completes half of the assignment in that time, the parent may indicate the time spent on homework and initial the paper and allow the student to stop at that point. Specially-designed Instruction When all else fails, contact your students parents, schedule an IEP meeting and write new SDIs to support your students struggling with homework. Remind your general education partners to protect the confidentiality of students who need accommodations to homework. Learning disabled children may already have low self-esteem and feel as if they dont fit in with other students. Drawing attention to accommodations or modifications to homework assignments can further damage their self-esteem. Sources:Â   A Dyslexic Child in the Classroom, 2000, Patricia Hodge, Dyslexia.comEffects of Instruction in an Assignment Completion Strategy on the Homework Performance of Students with Learning Disabilities in General Education Classes, 2002, Charles A.Hughes, Kathly L.Ruhl, Teaching LD Newsletter,Volume 17, Issue 1

Cross culture communication and negotiation Essay

Cross culture communication and negotiation - Essay Example It is important to understand the culture of the host country in order to operate effectively in a foreign country. InterNations, ND, Cross cultural training for business, Viewed December 5, 2012 from: . The above mentioned article states the essence of cross cultural training for business people who are likely to make presentations in foreign countries. There are many issues that should be considered such as the culture of the targeted audience since it impacts on their attitude towards something. InterNations, ND, Intercultural communication, Viewed December 5, 2012 from: . This article emphasises the fact that intercultural communication is not only about learning a foreign language spoken in the host country by expatriates. It also looks at other issues such as cultural exchange where people involved learn new things about the culture in the host country. Internations, ND, International business issues, Viewed December 5, 2012 from: . ... This article mainly focuses on what expatriates must know about the cultures of people in the host country. Each country has a unique culture. For instance, foreigners should familiarise themselves with the ‘dos’ and ‘don’ts’ in a foreign country if they are to enjoy their stay in that country. InterNations, ND, Intercultural competence, Viewed December 5, 2012 from: . The article mainly focuses on the aspect of competence among the expatriates in terms of grasping the cultural contexts of other host nations. This helps them to operate within the standard expectations that do not violate the norms and values of the people in their country. Kwintessential, ND, An introduction to intercultural communication, Viewed December 5, 2012, from: ,. The article highlights the importance of intercultural communication to expatriate workers. The articles examines how people from different religions and cultures come to work together and communicate with each othe r in harmony. Demand of intercultural communication skills are increasing as many companies go global. Kwintessential, ND, Cross cultural advertising, Viewed December 5, 2012 from: . This article states that culture affects everything we do in our lives. Culture also affects all facets of business and it can be seen that cross cultural advertising is influenced by the norms and values of different people. Adverts that violate the norms of other people are likely to receive negative attention by

Marketing online forum Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Marketing online forum - Assignment Example Student’s reply: E-marketing will truly affect consumer perceptions of privacy and security. As technology continues to improve over the years, methods of advertising will advance as well. Companies will always match up with other companies, trying to attract as many consumers as they can. All the popular websites feature internet marketing; search engines, online forums and communities such as My Space and Facebook, and company websites. On online communities such as Facebook, ads pop up that match up with ones interests that may be displayed in their profile. This is another advancement companies have made to promote themselves. It is controversial because information in someones account has been made available to online companies in promoting themselves. This happens all over the internet, yet people still continue to use the internet because it is quick and easy, and often times, requires little work. E-marketing has kept up with the consumer. Marketing has gone from paper , to graphic, to electronic, and with the help of the internet, international. Marketers used pop-up ads to get a users attention which the consumers disliked. Now they fill the sides of pages while users surf the internet. Marketers have offered online newsletters to users on many sites. This is one method I believe has worked. Companies ask a user if they would like to join a news letter, and they receive these letters only if they agree. This way, if they are not interested in the company, they will not be bothered. This was one approach marketers used that I felt worked and respected peoples privacy. Response: I agree with the above statement. E-marketing has come to stay and unless a major obstacle or glitch like the Y2K scare interrupts the internet connectivity, which is most unlikely, companies will continue to develop new strategies to sell their products on the internet. However, this will happen only in the tech savvy developed world. Other

The Wage setting model of unemployment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Wage setting model of unemployment - Essay Example Wage setters cannot factually set the actual wage. In fact, the real wage weighs the purchasing power of those earning wages and is thus equivalent to the cash wage divided by the level of consumer prices. Wage setters can therefore set the money in their firm or in their economic sector. These wage setters set cash wage as per their expectation of the price level of consumers. Consequently, they set an expected actual wage in relation to the level of unemployment. Using the wage setting model of unemployment to explain and discuss the following statements: a). Competition between the employed and the unemployed is critical in Maintaining a low natural rate of unemployment A natural rate of employment refers to the unemployment rate when the labour market is at its equilibrium. NRU can also be the difference between people who would wish to get a job at the present wage rate and the people who are willing and at the same time, able to take a job. It is caused by supply side factors a s opposed to demand side factors. In connection to the wage setting model, it can be argued that, competition between the employed and the unemployed is critical in maintain a low natural rate of unemployment because it enables the wage negotiations to be more decentralized. This takes place at a smaller economic unit level. The lower the specified unit, the more competition it faces, which makes the labour demand more flexible (Blanchard & Katz 1970). To maintain law natural rate of unemployment, there must be competition of the unemployed and unemployed so that there can be at one end, an individual’s level and infinite elasticity on the other. Since an employed person fears the risk of being replaced with another person who is ready and willing to take up the job, thus lowering the equilibrium wage. If the centralization level of wage bargains goes up and if trade unions are inclusive, then an economy that is highly unionized can attain low unemployment rates. Nations with very decentralized wage-setting obtain a low rate of employment because of competition in the labour market. In an economy without competition the employed and unemployed, there might be a two-tier society, having a class of unstable workers who may be forced to wonder between poor-waged jobs and unemployment. As far as this is concerned, the bottle tends to be half full/half empty. While the labour market is actually dual when one looks solely at the jobs, one should also look at the unemployed individuals. At one extreme, this may imply that only specific people would always hold specific jobs, but on the other hand, the unemployed may have better skills and ready to work but with no opportunity to do so. Competition is therefore important in maintaining low natural rates of unemployment because it gives firms an opportunity to effectively screen and pick employees, an option that is vital in determining the amount of wages to be allocated in accordance to the work experience and skills, thus ensuring that there is a balance between the employed and unemployed (Burda & Wyplosz, 2013). It is also important to note that competition is crucial for the reason that, the employed personnel working on contract terms may wield pressure on the benefit systems of the unemployed, in case they are eligible to do so. The increase in job turnover may adversely raise the number of qualified claimants and place wage pressure on the unemployment benefit administration.

A Review of Recessive Genetic Diseases in Cattle

A Review of Recessive Genetic Diseases in Cattle Huan Yu Introduction Cattle are susceptible to a wide range of genetic diseases. The majority of inherited genetic diseases recognized in cattle are autosomal recessive, mainly due to the practice of â€Å"line-breeding†. The defective calf receives error gene inherited from both its sire and dam. However, if the inherited mutant gene comes from only one parent, such individual usually turns out to be a carrier of the disease without any symptoms (Patel, 2010). Genetic abnormalities contribute to poor performance and structural unsoundness to semi-lethal and lethal diseases. Since most genetic diseases are breed-specific, artificial insemination a widely used technique for cattle breeding may lead to high levels of inbreeding and an inevitable increase in the prevalence of recessive defects. Hence, it is imperative to increase the awareness of genetic diseases in cattle among animal breeders and farmers. This will stimulate strategies to reduce the economic loss due to such genetic diseases in cattle. More so, genetic tests for DNA markers such as Citrullinemia and BLAD may be utilised to identify animals with inherited defects at a very young age based on PCR-RFLP marker (Gholap, Kale and Sirothia, 2014). Also, there is need for cooperation among government agencies, veterinarians, animal scientists and farmers in the control of genetic defects among commercial cattle populations, by formulating and adopting good monitoring and control measures. This paper reviews some recessive genetic diseases in cattle with particular reference to its definition, genetic cause (DNA mutation) and the clinical symptoms. Furthermore, it also discuss some best practice to control the genetic disease in breeding population of dairy and beef cattle breeds. Recessive Genetic Diseases 1. Double Muscling or Muscular Hypertrophy Animals are described a â€Å"double-muscled† (see Fig. 1) when they have a myostatin mutation. Double muscle gene is caused by the mutation of the muscle growth inhibition gene located on the second chromosomes. It is a negative regulatory factor of the skeletal muscle growth, a member of the TGF-ÃŽ ² supergene family (Fiems, 2012). McPherron et al., (1997) noticed that these diseases are mainly found in Belgian Blue and Piedmontese cattle, which usually have an incredibly muscular look even if they do not exercise. Although, DM animals are touted to be beneficial to farmers, meat industry and consumers due to their valuable carcasses, however, they are more susceptible to respiratory disease, stress and dystocia, resulting in a lower robustness. Fig. 1. A fullblood Belgian Blue bull showing the double muscling phenotype. Adapted from McPherron et al., 1997. 2. Bovine Progressive Degenerative Myeloencephalopathy (Weaver Calf) Bovine Progressive Degenerative Myeloencephalopathy (see Fig. 2) is a recessive neurological disease most commonly reported in Brown Swiss pure and crossbred cattle since the 1970’s in Northern America and Europe. It is usually caused by mutations in the EZH2 gene and some rare reported cases have implicated mutations in the NSD1 gene (Gholap, Kale and Sirothia, 2014). Clinical signs of the disease includes hind limb weakness, ataxia, and dysmetria appear in homozygous individuals around 6 months of age with a progressive weakness extending over 2-3 years. The occurrence of this disease can be determined by mapping Bos Taurus autosome (BTA) 4:46-56 Mb and a commercially available diagnostic test marker for 6 microsatellite (MS) (McClure et al., 2013). Fig. 2. Eighteen-month-old Brown heifer affected by â€Å"Weaver syndrome† Adapted from Gentile and Testoni, 2006. 3. Arachomelia Arachnomelia is a monogenic recessive disease in cattle characterized by skeletal abnormalities and usually found in Brown, German Fleckvieh-Simmental cattle (Drà ¶gemà ¼ller et al., 2010). The causative mutation is due to SUOX gene (BTA5) encoding molybdohemoprotein sulphite oxidase and deleting c.1224-1225delC (Gholap, Kale and Sirothia, 2014). The affected cattle presents with fragile, thinner and longer legs in combination with stiffened joints. The fetlock joints are deformed and the skull malformations are characterized by shortened lower jaw, pointer head (see Fig. 3). Fig. 3. Phenotype of bovine arachnomelia in Brown Swiss cattle Adapted from Drà ¶gemà ¼ller et al., 2010. 4. Neuropathic Hydroceohalus (Water Head) Hydrocephaly is an abnormal increase in the amount of cerebrospinal fluid within the cranial cavity. It is accompanied by expansion of the cerebral ventricles, enlargement of the skull and especially the forehead, and atrophy of the brain which may result in stillborn or dummy calves (Arsdall, 2011). One mutation causing NH in the descendents of GAR Precision 1680, and a popular AI sire in high marbling Angus bloodlines. This disease most commonly found in Angus and Angus infused beef cattle. Affected calves are born dead with an extremely large cranium with little or no brain material or spinal cord (see Fig. 4). It is probable that a large percentage of mortalities relating to NH occur through embryonic or fetal loss during gestation, which causes the defect to go misdiagnosed or unnoticed. Fig. 4. Deformity in a stillborn calf due to neuropathic hydrocephalus Adapted from Vetbook.org, 2013. 5. Chondrodysplasia (Dwarfism) Bovine chondrodysplastic dwarfism (BCD) is an autosomal recessive disorder with the phenotype of short limbs, joint abnormality, and ateliosis (see Fig. 5). This disorder mainly results from the mutation of a single nucleotide substitution leading to an activation of a cryptic splicing donor site and a one-base deletion resulting in a frameshift mutation (Takeda et al., 2002). Clinical signs of the disease may present with wide variation, but the main feature is reduced length of bones with an endochondral growth pattern. The Dexter cattle that inherit two copies of the ACAN mutation will abort during the third trimester, while the heterozygous individuals will show the desired miniature cattle phenotype (Arsdall, 2011). Fig. 5. An example of the degree of dwarfism expressed in carriers Adapted from Davidson, 2008. Strategies for Controlling Genetic Defects Most genetic diseases are breed-specific that can cause the huge economic losses due to poor animal performance; structural unsoundness reduces the production and reproductive potential of the animal. Consequently, it is necessary to determine the cause of inherited defects. Moreover, controlling genetic diseases, ethical and legal considerations are also important methods to minimise the genetic diseases in breeding population of dairy and beef cattle breeds. Firstly, farmers should have good breeding records for each animal which include their sire and dam, date of breeding, the date of breeding, abnormality descriptions and photos or videos and causes of death, if the farmers cannot find the reason of death, they should ask help from veterinarians or state diagnostic laboratory (Jane and Trent, 2010). Some of the recessive genetic diseases are somewhat difficult to recognise because mutant gene inherited from only one parent is usually without symptoms. Therefore, good records by breeders will help to know the causes of death in controlling diseases and good diagnosis for the congenital defects. Secondly, animals that carry a defective gene should be prevented from passing it on to their offsprings by culling. DNA testing is currently available for the genetic diseases. The calf should be made to undergo blood typing within one-month of age to allow early diagnosis of underlying disease. Importantly, Bulls or semen should be purchased from reputable breeders, produced by parents who are not known to carry undesirable genes (Schalles, Leipold and McCraw, 1914). Although, the DNA testing is a huge financial burden as well as time consuming, however, a good diagnosis from one dead calf can save many others. In the last decade, the development of DNA tests for detecting BLAND and Citrullinemia has been effective in breeding population (Gholap, Kale and Sirothia, 2014). Furthermore, seed stock producers have an obligation to be honest with the customers and to ensure that their customers understand the consequences of using offspring from know carriers. Otherwise, the breeder’s reputations will be at stake, as well as reflect negatively on the entire breed. Conclusion Genetic diseases in dairy and beef cattle affect the economics of animal breeders and farmers, and it is a long way to developing DNA tests for the diagnosis of most diseases to check the spread of undesirable genes effectively. Farmers should cooperate with the breed association, extension and university personnel and veterinarians to eliminate and avoid these problems. The government also need to raise public awareness of genetic diseases in breeding population of dairy and beef cattle breeds via social media, advertisements and journals. References Arsdall, D. V. (2011). Neuropathic Hydrocephalus (NH) Water Head [online] Available from: http://calfology.com/library/wiki/neuropathic-hydrocephalus-nh-quotwater-headquot [Accessed 12 May 2015] Arsdall, D. V. (2011). Dwarfism (Condrodysplasia) [online] Available from: http://calfology.com/library/wiki/dwarfism-condrodysplasia [Accessed 12 May 2015] Carol Davidson (2008). American Dexter Cattle Association [online] Available from: http://www.dextercattle.org/adca/adca_article_chondrodysplasia.html [Accessed 13 May 2015] Drà ¶gemà ¼ller, C., Tetens, J., Sigurdsson, S., Gentile, A., Testoni, S., Lindblad-Toh, K. and Leeb, T. (2010). ‘Identification of the Bovine Arachnomelia Mutation by Massively Parallel Sequencing Implicates Sulfite Oxidase (SUOX) in Bone Development’, PLoS Genetics, vol.6, no.8, pp.e1001079 Fiems, L. (2012). ‘Double Muscling in Cattle: Genes, Husbandry, Carcasses and Meat’, Animals, vol.2, no.4, pp.472-506 Gholap, P. N., Kale. D. S. and Sirothia. A. R. (2014). ‘Genetic Diseases in Cattle: a Review’, Research Journal of Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sciences, vol. 2, no. 2, pp.24-33 Gentile, A., Testoni, S. (2006). ‘Inherited disorders of cattle: a selected review’, Slov vet Res, vol.43, no.1, pp.17-29 Jane A. Parish and Trent Smith (2010) Managing Genetic Defects in Beef Cattle Herds [online] Available from: http://msucares.com/pubs/publications/p2622.pdf [Accessed 13 May 2015] McClure, M., Kim, E., Bickhart, D., Null, D., Cooper, T., Cole, J., Wiggans, G., Ajmone-Marsan, P., Colli, L., Santus, E., Liu, G., Schroeder, S., Matukumalli, L., Van Tassell, C. and Sonstegard, T. (2013) ‘Fine Mapping for Weaver Syndrome in Brown Swiss Cattle and the Identification of 41 Concordant Mutations across NRCAM, PNPLA8 and CTTNBP2’, PLoS ONE, vol.8, no.3, pp.e59251 Patel, R. K. (2010). ‘Autosomal Recessive Genetic Disorders of Cattle Breeds Worldwide-A Review’, Journal of Livestock Biodiversity, vol.2, no.1, pp.35-41 Schalles, R. R., Leipold, H. W., McCraw, R. L. (1914). Congenital Defects in cattle [online] Available from: http://www.iowabeefcenter.org/Beef%20Cattle%20Handbook/Congenital_Defects_Cattle.pdf [Accessed 13 May 2015] Vetbook.org (2013) Neuropathic hydrocephalus – Cow [online] Available from: http://vetbook.org/wiki/cow/index.php/Neuropathic_hydrocephalus [Accessed 13 May 2015]

Producing Carbon Dioxide from a Metal Carbonate :: Science Thermal Decomposition Essays

Producing Carbon Dioxide from a Metal Carbonate Metal Carbonate Metal Oxide + Carbon Dioxide Thermal decomposition ‘is when a substance breaks down into simpler substances when heated, often with the help of a catalyst. It’s different from a reaction because there’s only one substance to start with’. I came across this information in the EDEXCEL Modular Science revision guidebook 1. Thermal decomposition is the breakdown of a substance using thermal energy, this is not a reaction. Preliminary experiment Limewater and copper carbonate were used to see if a metal carbonate beaks down to produce carbon dioxide. This is what the experiment looked like: The equation for this: CaCo3(s) CuO(s) + Co2 (g) This experiment was to see if carbon dioxide was produced from a metal carbonate. In this case copper carbonate was used. Two test tubes were linked together by a rubber tube, which had a glass pipe coming out of the cork that prevented any of the carbon dioxide or any other gas from escaping. As you can see from the diagram in one tube there was limewater that was to test for the carbon dioxide, and in the other was copper carbonate. If there were carbon dioxide present, the limewater would turn cloudy (white in colour). When I was observing what happened I could see that there was carbon dioxide present because the limewater turned cloudy. Secondary Experiment This experiment was to compare the rates of decomposition of several metal carbonates. Several metal carbonates were placed in a test tube and linked to a syringe that measured the amount of carbon dioxide gas when the metal carbonates were heated. This experiment is to see how fast metal carbonates will break down to produce carbon dioxide. The reason they break don’t break down at the same time is because more reactive ones don’t want to break up. So the longer it holds onto its carbonate the more reactive the metal is. In this experiment there are a few factors that can affect the results of the experiment. These factors can make the results of the experiment be incorrect. The factors that can affect the experiment are: 1 Water 2 Amounts of powder 3 Distance the flame is away from the metal carbonate Water can affect the results because it can get into the powder, which can speed up a reaction. If different amounts of the substance are used, then the results can be affected because the more amount of powder there is, the more carbon dioxide will be produced. Plan In this experiment I plan to use 1/500 of a mole. This is because if anything greater is used then the amount is too great and the results

BSc Participant

These approaches can be implemented through the following methods, analytical, participatory, regulatory, protected area, systems approach, socio-cultural approaches and economic approaches. Command and control regulations- It's an approach where political authorities mandate people, by enacting a law, to bring about a behavior and use an enforcement machinery to get people to obey the law. It's an environmental management strategy where the government or responsible authorities sets standards to protect and manage the natural resources. This technique covers the regulatory and protected areas approaches.In Zombie the regulations involve the bylaws, legislative, reserved or protected areas and bio monitoring. The government of Zombie construct national parks like Generous National park, sanctuaries, Safari areas, recreational areas, botanical gardens/ reserves, state forests. The maintenance of biodiversity, natural resources and associated cultural resources. This approach worked we ll in Zombie as this was evidenced by the creation of many national and recreational parks thought it resulted in some negative impacts to the communities where these projects were done.Some of the problems were location of communities, poaching of the resources by the nearby communities for example the recent issue where 20 elephants were killed in Kari The approach of protected areas in town is appearing no to be considered when different developments are taking place in Zombie. A good example when the city council of Chitchatting gave residential stands on wetland areas of Zinged 4. Another good example it's the construction of the new shopping mall that is along Hare-Bylaws road, that place was reserved by the city fathers of Hare as a wetland.This shows that the approach of protected areas in towns is not considered. This evidences the conflicts between economic development and conservation of resources using this approach. Another challenge faced by Zombie from these protected areas is land, some of these areas require very large pieces of land, and for example the Generous National Park is approximately 5000 km, and this is a very large piece of land that can be used for other economic uses. But on the other hand these areas can serves as income generation to the country through CEO-tourism.Another approach involves the regulatory policies and pieces of legislation. On legislation arioso acts have been put in place to date for the management of natural resources in Zombie. Some of the acts and policies are Forest, Minerals, Wildlife, Environmental management Acts. Some of the Acts are; Native husbandry Act (1951), National Parks & Wildlife Act (1975), National Parks & Wildlife Amendment Act (1984), Communal Land Act (1982) and the Water Act (1976).Described below are some of the Acts; The Zombie Environmental Management Act (2004) provides for the sustainable management of natural resources and protection of the environment; the prevention of pollution and environmental degradation. The Act also provides for the preparation of a National Environmental Plan and other plans for the protection of the environment. The implementing 134 agency of the Act is the Environmental Management Agency and Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Management. The primary strategy embodied in the Act is crystallization.The Environmental Management Act is now the supreme environmental Law in Zombie. Another act is the Forest Act of 1954, the management of woodland and forest products is embodied in the Forest Act and the Communal Land Forest Produce Act. The Forest Act (1954) provides for management of wood resources wrought Zombie although its focus is state forests and on private land. The main management strategy in both acts is to establish conditions under which forest produce can be used and to determine and regulate the extent of that use.Both Acts rely on the crystallization of activities in order to protect and regenerate forest produc e. The Forest Act creates forests officers who have general police powers of seizure and arrest. Designated officers or forest officers under the communal Land Forest Produce Act do not have power of arrest. These arrests may only be made by rest officers in Communal Areas where the charge is for an offense under the Forest Act (Camaraderie, 2000). Parks and wildlife Act (1975), the Act is administered exploitation of plants, trees and wildlife.Camaraderie (2000) argues that the Act seeks to protect indigenous plant life and prohibits its sale without a permit. However it allows pants to be harvested by the owner or occupier of land for use in the home of occupier. It further allows harvesting indigenous plants where the area is needed for cultivation and construction. All the regulatory legislation described above was enacted using the top- down approach. The masses were not consulted so as to incorporate their knowledge in the conservation of the resources hence the defilement.If participatory approaches had been used, indigenous knowledge could have been harnessed into the statutory acts. Although Acts mentioned above are vital to the country, they are failing to curb depletion of forest resources. Mismanagement of these forest resources is rife especially in most Communal Areas of Zombie regardless of the existence of the legal frameworks. One of the major causes of the misuse of forest products, especially trees, is arguably the fact that people are nearly ignoring traditional beliefs and indigenous knowledge systems in the sustainable management of natural resources.Economic Instruments approach- this is natural resources management strategy that uses the concepts of economics meaning it deals with the market. By dealing with the market it means it deals with the demand and supply. This approach uses economics to manage or regulate the environment by using supply and demand to minimize the impact of the human economy on ecosystems. This approach changes the behavior of resource users through subordination of natural resources in the form of tax incentive, user charges f the resource, soft credits that enables the good management of natural resources, pollution charges to the polluter of the environment.The method employs approaches like analytical and system approaches to achieve its natural resources management successfully. The method uses the â€Å"polluter -pays principle†. The economic instruments used by this approach involve taxes or charges that are paid by the producer or firms. Since the producer is being taxed this increases prices, which provides both opportunity and incentive for innovation; eventually the innovations are so successful that prices end up below what they were before the source shortages occurred Aeolian Simony's rule of Ultimate Resource).The success of this technique depends on market developments and market variations. In Zombie economic benefit was identified as a major driver for sustainable natural resources management. The approach involves use of economic benefits as incentives to drive sustainable management of natural resources. Participatory approach- this involves empowering local communities to take up guardianship and stewardship over natural resources. Communities derive economic benefit by using natural resources as alternative land use.The most common participator programmer one in Zombie is the Community based Natural Resources Management (CPRM). The CPRM is where existing natural resources within an area are managed as a commercial enterprise at community level in a sustainable and productive manner. It has ecological benefits, it also makes sound economic sense by maximizing on the resources that are available and reducing the reliance on external inputs. The programmer started late sass with CAMPFIRE programmer, initiated by Zimmermann Department of National Parks and Wildlife Management, the wildlife, to rural communities.Because of its successful inter nationally in enabling immunities to derive a sustainable livelihood from wildlife management, the programmer achieved a great deal in terms of setting a stage for CPRM in Zombie. The problem with the CPRM was not covering all the resources; it was mainly focused on wildlife management. This presents a greater challenge to other resources since many Zimmermann communal areas are largely devoid of Wildlife. However to a larger extent the programmer was effective on managing natural resources in Communal areas of Zombie.This is because the programmer sought to decentralized the management of natural resources to rural communities which ivies these communities sense of ownership over the resources thereby motivating citizens to participate on managing the resources in their community. Another example of the participatory approach done in Zombie was the SAFARI MIT programmer. The participatory approach has been found to be an effective means to manage natural resources since the communi ty its self is in charge of managing their available resources thereby creating the sense of ownership among them.This approach is believed to bring cost-savings over mandatory policies for regulators, while encouraging individuals and communities to take holistic strategies to improve ND manage their natural resources efficiently (Khan, 2001; Lyon & Maxwell, 2004). Another approach used in Zombie is the system approach which encompasses critical view of system earth and the ecosystems approach. Ecosystem approach maintains or restores the composition, structure and function of natural and modified ecosystems for the goal of long-term sustainability.This is an integrated approach made up of protected areas approach, CPRM and the Turnaround Natural Resource Management (TORN). TORN is a board that manages resources found on the boarders of Zombie and its neighboring countries. A good example where this board work effectively it's between the South African- Zombie boarders. The Turnaro und approach rises after a number of factors which includes, the need to better manage shared resources; the drive for economic growth through regional integration and development, the need to foster community participation, promote peace and security and embrace the forces of globalization.This was evidenced by the construction of the game park that stretches from Zombie to South Africa for the management of wildlife and other resources found between the boarders of these two countries. However, despite these envisaged benefits of Turnaround natural resource management (TABOR), there are numerous concerns arising from these initiatives ranging from community normalization, inter – community conflicts and inter – state inequity in the distribution of benefits.